Rap And Hip Hop - 951 Words

HIP HOP/RAP When we think of hip hop do we think of the dance or do we think of the music? More often than not we think of the music industry when someone says hip hop. however hip hop music was created with the dance. Both were created in the 1970’s by the African American and Puerto Rican people in New York. The music originally incorporated the Rhythms of salsa, Afro conga, bongo drums, jazz and funk and became more popular outside of the African American community around the 1980’s. Although some people think of rap/hip hop as vulgar and unnecessary however it has a very strong impact on a lot of people because it does in fact teach some valuable lessons and talks about how hard it is to be raised in a bad environment but to†¦show more content†¦I think the most important thing is to keep an open mind. The great fashion industry has taken over the hip hop culture and evolved over time. People like Ralph lauren, Calvin Klein, and Tommy Hilfiger tapped into hip hop culture and gave very little in return. It first consisted of baggy shirts, sagging pants and jerseys. Then people like Jay-Z linked up with brands like louis vuitton to create their own fashion lines. The clothe s got tighter, classically fashionable and much more expensive. Clothing will always evolve with the dancers and music to fit the style of that era. Hip Hop dancing has multiple different styles that can be put together or left alone to form a unique dance. There is Break, Popping, Locking, Krumping, Freestyle and Novelty. Break was the first hip hop dance and is classified as one of the five pillars of hip hop culture. It was created in the 1970’s and made popular by the dance crews. Dance crews were sometimes called B-Boys as in break boys and B-Girls as in break girls. It was practiced in both studios and on the streets. The dance was created in New York and incorporated dances from african and latino communities. There are so many different styles of hip hop dance. There is break, popping, locking, freestyle or improvisational, and novelty or fad. popping has many styles within that category such as animation, animatronics boogaloo bopping crazy legs dime stopping lowrider floating gliding andShow MoreRelatedHip Hop And Rap Hop901 Words   |  4 PagesThe genre that I am going to select is Hip Hop/Rap. The 5 top ten from the 80s are The Message by Grandmaster Flash and the Furious Five, Self-Destruction by KRS-One and the Stop the Violence Movement, Push It by Salt-N-Pepa, I’m Bad by LL Cool J, Fight The Power by Public Enemy, Straight Out Of Compton by NWA. The 5 top ten from 2015 are Know Yourself by Drake, Trap Queen by Fetty Wap, Alright by Kendrick Lamar, Blessings by Big Sean Featuring Drake, and Feeling Myself by Nicki Minaj featuringRead MoreRap Hop And The Hip Hop Essay1825 Words   |  8 Pages The hip hop community has gone through a number of discussions on the worth and merit of mumble rap across well opinionated youtube videos, long winded podcasts, as well as the vicariously living through celebrities who mimic the style, technique and overall aesthetic of artists associated with the mumble rap genre. Let s say, for the most part, the hip hop community has a problem with mumble rap. For the most part, it makes sense. Humans are prone to resist change, especially as overt asRead MoreRap Hop And Hip Hop1208 Words   |  5 PagesRap/Hip-Hop is a huge part of today’s music industry, with a more loyal fan base than any other genre of music. Even though they have such a large following, there are still many that disapprove of how the Rap game is conducted, and have no respect for the people who claim to be rappers. Many people look at Hip-Hop artists and think that they are all hard, gang-banging, drug-slanging thugs from the hood. But in all reality most of the rappers in modern Hip-Hop had never stepped foot in the hoodRead MoreHip Hop And Rap Hop1890 Words   |  8 Pagesâ€Å"Hip-hop/rap is a subcultural movement that formed during the early 1970s in the Bronx, New York† (â€Å"Hip hop†). Hip- hop has changed the way we speak, dress, think, and has even altered the way artist make music. Traveling all around The United States, Hip-hop has made many different names for itself. There is MC Rap, Gangsta Rap, Conscious Rap, and Old School Rap sprouting from the meaning of Hip-hop, all urban genres using different types of dialect. According to Oxford Dictionaries, dialectRead MoreHistory Of Hip Hop And Rap Essay1411 Words   |  6 PagesOwen Shields English IV 22 September 2015 The History of Hip-Hop and Rap The controversy of Hip-Hop and Rap being that it is â€Å"only about violence† or â€Å"uninfluential† is one that has been around since the eighties. But is it really all about violence, sex, drugs, or protest? Yes, there are rap groups that only rap about violence, sex, drugs, or protest, but that is a genre called â€Å"trap† music. When mentioning of the original artists in the trap music genre, rappers such as Waka Flocka Flame, GucciRead MoreHip Hop And Rap Music1699 Words   |  7 PagesHip-hop is a cultured style that started in the 1970’s. Majority of different funk groups began playing disco music at that time it was popular. During this time funk music was technology driven more electronic sounds were being used on the drum machines. Funk was the new dance in the early 70’s. This particular style of singing in which was being used is called rapping, this begun in African American, Urban Areas, Jamaican American, Latino American and many others cities of the United States. TheRead MoreHip Hop And Hip Rap Music1144 Words   |  5 PagesHip hop music has delivered messages of freedom of expression, unity, peace, and protest against social injustices, for the past 30 years. But exactly when and where did it begin, and what impact has it had on our society? The hip hop beats created by DJs in the 70s actually sparked what is now known as hip hop culture. Hip hop culture originally included rapping, break dancing, graffiti, beat boxing, and looping and scratching, and has now includes urban clothing and cars, speech patterns and slangRead MoreRap Music : Hip Hop Essay1509 Words   |  7 PagesRap, or hip hop as some call it, ranks in the top ten of most popular music genres in the world. Since it burst on the scene in the late 1970s, rap music changed the landscape of the music industry, especially for African-American artists. The genre accredited some of the biggest names in the music industry. Popular artists like LL Cool J, Tupac, Notorious B. I. G., Jay-Z, Kanye West, and many others produce, or have produced, millions of hip-hop records. The secret to the success of hip hop centersRead MoreHip Hop And Rap Music1646 Words   |  7 Pages In hip-hop and rap, one of the most important aspects of the songs is the words. It is all about the meaning and the kind of message or story the artist is trying to convey to the listener. One artist who has emerged in the last 27 years who exemplifies this part of hip-hop, is George Watsky, or as he is more commonly known as, Watsky. Watsky, a progressive hip-hop artist, draws upon the roots and stylings of early and 90s hip-hop, while also adding contemporary social commentary into his poeticRead MoreHip Hop And Rap Music Essay1941 Words   |  8 Pagesthe increased presence of hip-hop culture within American culture, many educators no longer view hip-hop culture with the same air of skepticism common in the early stages of HHBE.† Hip Hop Based Education also referred to as HHBE is movement that helps bring hip hop into the classroom.(USE THAT SOURCE HERE) HHBE has many positive and influential outcomes for children living in inner cities. Hip hop music has categories a nd one of them is rap. By bringing hip hop and rap music into schools it serves

Essay on Escape in A Rose For Emily and Yellow Wallpaper

Escape from Reality in A Rose For Emily And The Yellow Wallpaper In the Victorian era, women were thought to be weaker than men, thus prone to frailty and female problems. They were unable to think for themselves and only valuable as marriage material. The women in Faulkners A Rose for Emily and Gilmans The Yellow Wallpaper are driven insane because they feel pigeonholed by the men in their lives. They retreat into their own respective worlds as an escape from reality, and finally rebel in the only ways they can find. Emily and Johns wife, the woman in The Yellow Wallpaper who is never named, both feel stifled and suppressed by the men in authority over them. Emily, as a slender figure in white in the background,†¦show more content†¦Both women love the men that control them, however, and would most likely insist that there was no abuse of any kind, emotional or physical. Though there may not have been abuse in the sense the word is used today, those men caused trauma in their women, which is borne out by the violence of the insane actions of these ladies. The two women retreat into their own universes as an escape, to figure some way out of the pain that their men have inflicted upon them. Emily retreats physically into her own home, for almost six months she did not appear on the streets and the front door closed upon the last one and remained closed for good (p. 507, 508). On the contrary, the narrator of The Yellow Wallpaper retreats into her own mind and the world of the yellow wallpaper, which gradually takes over her life until she can think of nothing else. Both women, however, create a fantasy life in which they truly live, Emily as Homer Barrons wife, Ms. Yellow Wallpaper as the woman who would always lock the door when I creep by daylight (p. 639). In these created worlds, they are free from the men who have ruined their lives. However, merely being free to fantasize in their minds is not enough; they also demonstrate their freedom in highly unpredictable ways as acts of rebellion, convincing the sane world that they are truly mad. Emilys act of rebellion is simple but gruesome. She kills Homer Barron with arsenic andShow MoreRelatedComparison and Contrast of the Yellow Wallpaper and the Rose for Emily1078 Words   |  5 PagesParis Claypool Eng 120 Essay 1 06/12/2010 A Rose for Emily and The Yellow Wallpaper â€Å"A Rose for Emily’’ By William Faulkner and â€Å"The Yellow Wallpaper by Charlotte Perkins Gilman,† are two short stories that both incorporate qualities of similarities and difference. Both of the short stories are about how and why these women changed for lunacy. These women are forced into solitude because of the fact that they are women. Emily’s fatherRead MoreShort Story Comparison1241 Words   |  5 PagesScales 1! Katrina Scales David Miles ENC-1102 16 July 2015 A Yellow Rose It is likely that after reading short stories The Yellow Wallpaper by Charlotte Perkins Gilman and A Rose for Emily by William Faulkner, any sensible reader will feel disturbed in at least the slightest. Both texts contain neurotic women of unsound mind who have deathly obsessions. At first glance, these stories do not seem to have much in common; they have been written through opposite perspectives, one neglects to be chronologicalRead MoreCriticalpaper And A Rose For Emily1653 Words   |  7 Pagesthose nineteenth-century social issues. Even though Faulkner wrote his story, â€Å"A Rose for Emily†, 40 years after Gilman’s story, â€Å"The Yellow Wall-paper†, both stories portray several types of nineteenth-century social issues accurately. Because of their knowledge about these social issues, Gilman and Faulkner were able to portray the main characters’ struggles. Both main characters of these stories, the narrator and Emily, become oppressed by their social environments because of the expectations thatRead MoreANALIZ TEXT INTERPRETATION AND ANALYSIS28843 Words   |  116 Pagesthe middle. In still other cases, the chronology of plot may shift backward and forward in time, as for example in William Faulkner’s A Rose for Emily, where the author deliberately sets aside the chronological ordering of event s and their cause/effect relationship in order to establish an atmosphere of unreality, build suspense and mystery, and underscore Emily Grierson’s own attempt to deny the passage of time itself. Perhaps the most frequently and conventionally used device of interrupting

Couples Should Live Together Free Essays

Rhea Belgrave Ms. Pleming English 1302_ 5 6 November 2012 Couples Should Live Together before Getting Married In my mother’s house it was never discussed whether I should live with someone before I get married. In Trinidad and Tobago it is a normal for a man and a woman to live together and not have plans for marriage. We will write a custom essay sample on Couples Should Live Together or any similar topic only for you Order Now With this being said, my mother does not want me to live together with my boyfriend until after I get married. I believe that this can sometime break up good relationships. When couples don’t have to chance to live together while they are dating, it makes their first year of marriage more difficult than it needs to be. Couples tend to argue a lot, mostly because they are afraid and the possibility that have made a mistake by getting married. Living together before making your vows reassures couples of their lifelong commitment. I believe that couples should live together before getting married, so they can start to know each other on a closer view, more personal level; moreover, they can start thinking about the compatibility of their future spouse. Couples start knowing each other on a closer, more personal level when they live together, which prepares them for a married lifestyle. For starters, you learn what your partner likes and dislikes, although this isn’t always easy. There is a lot to discover about your partner and from your partner; the only way to do this successfully is to move in together. For example, does he like broccoli, a special TV show or sleeping with the windows open? Maybe he likes to spend the whole weekend on the couch watching basketball! Believe it or not, it’s little details like these that can often make or break a relationship. Second, you learn what kind of bad habits you and your partner have and whether or not you can get rid of them. For instance, I really don’t like it when people forgets to fill the ice trays, forgets to replace the empty toilet paper holder, or leaves the toilet seat up; I, on the other hand, tend to leave my clothes in a pile, all wrinkled, when they come out of the dryer. Moreover, you can see how much fun you have with each other and realize how much you would miss by not getting married. Try to plan a vacation in advance, have a dinner date in town after work, or go to the movies on a Wednesday night when you know you have to get up for work the next morning. In other words, find out how romantic and imaginative your partner can be. Life can be tough and boring; it takes two creative and motivated people to keep a relationship alive. I think that couples can make a wiser decision about the lifelong compatibility of their future spouse if they live together. To begin, you can learn if you or your partner is ready for marriage by seeing his or her reaction to the â€Å"m† word-marriage. You need to ask yourself if you are ready to have children with your partner, and if you are ready to stay with this person for the rest of your life through thick and thin. It is also beneficial to learn if you and your partner are both suited for monogamy; some people find it hard to be sexually faithful to one person. In addition, you can see how your partner reacts to real-life situations. If something dramatic happens to one of you, like a car accident or a major illness, what is his reaction going to be and how will he behave differently in private or in public? Perhaps he is the type of guy who talks big, but can’t handle life’s difficult moments or be a good caretaker. Finally, living together you won’t have the pressure of a marriage certificate hanging over your head, especially when some people have a real phobia about that little piece of paper. Living together means that the taxes are easier, you do not have expenses in case of a messy divorce, and you can make a lot of decisions before you enter into a relationship that is bad for your health, physically and emotionally. Being free of the pressures of marriage, you stand a better chance of knowing your partner as a real person. I do believe that couples should live together before they get married. Not only does it draw them closer but they are able to see one and other from and inside out prospective. This is the best advice that I can pass along to others. How to cite Couples Should Live Together, Essay examples

Violated the Restrain Clause That Is Imposed Upon Him by Computer

Question: Whether Chu has violated the restrain clause that is imposed upon him by Computers Pty Ltd (COMPUTERS)? Answer: Introducation: In Australia, whenever any business needs to be established, then, one of the significant ways is its incorporation which results in the formation of a company. Once a company is formed then it owns a feature of separate legal entity, which symbolizes, that the company is distinct from its members and any action which is undertaken in the name of the company will be binding upon the company alone and will to make any company directors or officers liable for the same.[1] In Salomon vASalomon Co Ltd[2], it was held that a company is an artificial legal entity in the eyes of law and has the capacity to sue or be sued in its own name. It was held in Lee v Lee's Air Farming Ltd[3], that since a company has its own legal personality, thus, the directors/outsiders/members can establish a contract with the company. In the given case, Lee was the director/shareholders and employee of the company at the same time. Lee died while performing his employment duties. It was held that a single person has the capacity to be the employee and director of the company at the same time but in different capacity. Compensation was provided to the wife of Lee after considering the Lee dies while serving his employment duties. The concept was also applied in Industry v Bottrill[4].[5] However, this separate legal entity principle can be pierced by lifting the veil when there is presence of agency, fraud, sham or faade, group enterprises and unfairness/justice[6]. The courts are willing to pierce the veil when it believes that there is presence of fraud and the principle lay down in Solomon and Lee will not be applicable. In Gilford Motor Company Ltd v. Horne[7], the Gilford motors is a company and has employed Mr Home. The contract of employment of Mr Home submitted that he is not allowed to solicit the employees of the company after leaving the job. In order to avoid the restrain clause, he established a company in his wifes name and solicited the customers of Gilford motors. The court held that the intention of formation of new company was to bi-furcate the restrain clause and to incur fraud. Thus, the veil was lifted and it was held that the business carried out by the wife of Mr Home was in fact carried out by him in order to deceive Gilford motors.[8] Further, every company is managed by its shareholders and directors. Apart from them, employees are also appointed to effectively run a company. These employees do acquire confidential, technical know-hoe and secretive informations. In order to prohibit these employees from transmitting these information to any other person, restrain clause are made part of their employment agreement[9]. Restrain clauses (non-competent clauses) are clauses wherein no employee is permitted to carry out work in similar trade or work for a certain period of time or at a particular geographical region for a particular period of time and is analyzed in Write v Gasweld[10].[11] However, a restrain clause is considered to be valid only when: When the employer wants to protect his genuine or legitimate interest then the restrain clauses can be imposed[12] When the clause aims at protecting the reputation and goodwill of the company. The company tries to restrict the acts of the employer so that the reputation of the company is not hampered. If the employee indulges him in same trade then the reputation/goodwill of the company is at stake and is held in Stenhouse Australia v Phillips[13].[14] The employer always wants to protect the confidentiality of the business which is at stake if the employer reveals such confidentiality after leaving the business of employer.[15] However, at times the restrain clause incorporated by the employer is found to be unjustified, that is, when the clause is for a very long duration, then, such clauses are fund to be inappropriate[16]. The long restrain clauses are valid only when the employer can show to the court that the need for long restrain clauses is justified and in the legitimate interest of the employer. The restrain for 1 year or eleven months were held valid[17]. The two year restrain was also held valid in Pearson v HRX Holdings Pty Ltd[18]. If the clauses are against the public policy then the clauses are held to be invalid in nature.[19] The aggrieved party has the right to seek injunction, damages and compensation for the loss so caused. Application of law Chu was working as operations managers with COMPUTERS for last 5 years. The main purpose of COMPUTERS was to retails computer software and hardware. Chu was at a very senior position and thus he knows the identity of major clients of COMPUTERS. In March 2014, he retired. The COMPUTERS has incorporated a restrain clause in the employment contract of Chu according to which he will not compete against the company in New South Wales for two years. As per Pearson v HRX Holdings Pty Ltd, the restrain clause that is incorporated by COMPUTERS is valid and is enforceable against Chu. The clause is only for two years and thus is not for a very long time to make it invalid. Also, the clause is required to protect the legitimate interest of COMPUTERS and to maintain its goodwill and reputation in the state. So, Chu must follow the clause adequately. But, this restrain clause is very cleverly breached by Chu. The wife of Chu established a company, Systems Pty Ltd, in which she holds all the issued capital and is the only director. The main aim of the company was selling computer software and hardware. The company was formed in April, a month after Chu retired from COMPUTERS. Also, the area of work is same which is prohibited to be carried out by Chu. By carrying out the similar work, Systems Pty Ltd is soliciting the customers of COMPUTERS in New South Wales. Thus, by applying the rule in Gilford Motor Co Ltd v Horne, Chu has established the company in his wifes name in order to incur fraud on computers. Though a company established by Chus wife has a separate legal entity and must consider Chus wife to be distinct from Systems Pty Lt, but, this separate legal entity of the company must be disregarded and the veil must be lifted to consider them as one in order to avoid fraud against COMPUTERS. Thus, Chu by incurring fraud has violated the restrain clause that is applicable upon him. Conclusion To conclude, it can be submitted that the restrain clause that is imposed upon Chu was valid. But, the same was violated by Chu by establishing a company in his wifes name. Thus, the corporate veil must be pieced and Chu and his wife must not be considered distinct from Systems Pty Ltd. So, COMPUTERS can sue Chu for injunction, damage and compensation for violating the restrain clause. References Books/Articles/Journals Brown , M, A global guide to restrictive covenants (2016) Duncan, WD, Joint Ventures Law in Australia (3rd Edition, Federation Press, 2012). Gibson, A Fraser, D, Business Law 2014 (Pearson Education Australia, 2013). Hargovan, A, Piercing the Corporate Veil on Sham Transactions and Companies (2006) 24 Company and Securities Law Journal 436. Ramsay, I and Noakes, D, Piercing the Corporate Veil in Australia (2001) 19 Company and Securities Law Journal 250. Case laws AGA Assistance Australia Pty Ltd v Tokody (2012). General Billposting Company Ltd v Atkinson [1909] AC 118. Gilford Motor Co Ltd v Horne[1933] Ch 935 Industry v Bottrill (1999) . Lee v Lee's Air Farming Ltd (1961). Pearson v HRX Holdings Pty Ltd (2012). Salomon vASalomon Co Ltd [1896] UKHL 1. Smith v Nomad Modular Building Pty Ltd (2007). Seven Network (Operations) Limited v Warburton (No 2) (2011). Stenhouse Australia v Phillips (1974). Write v Gasweld(1991). Woolworths Limited V Mark Konrad Olson (2014). Online Martial ASIC, Registering not for profit or charitable organisations (2014) https://www.asic.gov.au/for-business/starting-a-company/how-to-start-a-company/registering-not-for-profit-or-charitable-organisations/. The Law Teacher, The Separate Entity principle (2017) https://www.lawteacher.net/free-law-essays/company-law/the-separate-entity-principle.php. [1] ASIC, Registering not for profit or charitable organisations (2014) https://www.asic.gov.au/for-business/starting-a-company/how-to-start-a-company/registering-not-for-profit-or-charitable-organisations/. [2] Salomon vASalomon Co Ltd [1896] UKHL 1. [3] Lee v Lee's Air Farming Ltd (1961). [4] Industry v Bottrill (1999) . [5] The Law Teacher, The Separate Entity principle (2017) https://www.lawteacher.net/free-law-essays/company-law/the-separate-entity-principle.php. [6] Ian Ramsay and David Noakes, Piercing the Corporate Veil in Australia (2001) 19 Company and Securities Law Journal 250. [7] Gilford Motor Co Ltd v Horne[1933] Ch 935. [8] Anil Hargovan, Piercing the Corporate Veil on Sham Transactions and Companies (2006) 24 Company and Securities Law Journal 436. [9] General Billposting Company Ltd v Atkinson [1909] AC 118. [10] Write v Gasweld(1991). [11] WD Duncan, Joint Ventures Law in Australia (3rd Edition, Federation Press, 2012). [12] Woolworths Limited V Mark Konrad Olson (2014). [13] Stenhouse Australia v Phillips (1974). [14] Andy Gibson Douglas Fraser, Business Law 2014 (Pearson Education Australia, 2013). [15] AGA Assistance Australia Pty Ltd v Tokody (2012). [16] Smith v Nomad Modular Building Pty Ltd (2007). [17] Seven Network (Operations) Limited v Warburton (No 2) (2011). [18] Pearson v HRX Holdings Pty Ltd (2012). [19] Mayor Brown , A global guide to restrictive covenants (2016)

1000 Word free essay sample

Events should be planned that meet the needs and desires of the single service member. 2. Community Service: The BOSS committee may elect to participate in community programs or projects that make a difference in the lives of others, in the community, and ultimately, in themselves. The service will be voluntary in nature and in accordance with the installation volunteer program. The program can be implemented in support of existing or established volunteer programs or programs developed by the BOSS committee. 3. Well Being: For single service members, Well being includes those things that single service members can directly or indirectly influence to enhance their morale, living environment, or personal growth and development. The tape measures could be made of a non stretchable material, preferably fiberglass; cloth or steel tapes are unacceptable. (AR 600-9 September 2006 / B-1 / PDF 21) How often should soldiers in the weight control program weight in? Monthly to measure progress

buy custom Lower Drinking Age essay

buy custom Lower Drinking Age essay Many young people have been involving themselves in habit of drinking alcohol and even worse taking illicit drugs. Although it is known that drinking is not healthy for people, peer pressure has been a major factor that has driven people into drinking. It has been known that most young people have a tendency of binge drinking which is even worse. Many efforts have been made to encourage young people to engage in healthy habits regarding drinking. However, most of these teenagers and youths are ignorance of the consequences for drinking. They have in turn indulged themselves into bad habits of drinking every day. In this regard, this paper will figure out different authors ideas and information regarding underage drinking. Moreover, it will look into the statistics on the rate of drinking amongst young people who are under the age of 18 years old. According to Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (2010), many young people begin drinking while they are still at their tender ages. During this age, a child may not have a wide knowledge about the negative effects of drinking. Often, such children get attracted into such habits due to the pressure from their peers. These are friends whom they meet in the neighborhood or even in schools. On the other hand, there are some who have been influences by their parents into the habits of drinking. For instance, a young boy or a young girl can easily copy what his or her parent is doing in the house. Once the parents are note in the house, the child does what he or she has seen especially for the children who have access to the drinking bars in the house. Underage drinking refers to the alcohol intake of young people under that age of 21 years. Such people are not allowed by the law to take any alcoholic drinks. Underage people are considered to be young children who are still under their parents guardianship. Hence, they are considered to be in experienced and cannot make sound decisions as concerns their life. In this regards such children are not allowed to drink. In addition, alcohol intake is harmful for human health especially in children. Alcohol intake in young people reduces and alters their brain formation. The continuous intake of alcohol may cause them to have a malfunctioned brain. According to the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (2010), children of the ages between 13-20 years have been reported to have taken alcohol in one way or another. The children in this age group obtain alcoholic products from non-retail sources that are known to them. That is they obtain the illicit drinks from peers in the neighborhood and friends. Further survey reveals that parents are also involved in encouraging their children to take alcoholic beverages. Studies show that teenage girls take more alcohol compared to teenage boys which they obtain from school. Other group underage drinkers obtain alcoholic drinks from home in the absence of their parents. There are others who obtain the alcoholic drinks with the permission of the parents. In other circumstances, the underage drinkers re allowed to take the alcoholic drinks while their parents are drinking too. Other places where underage drinkers obtain alcoholic drinks is during events such as parties and other social gatherings. Other teenagers say that the underage drinkers obtain the alcohol from the parents of a friend. According to Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (2010), alcohol is one of the substances that is most abused especially by teenagers and youths. Underage drinkers are known to be the most active in binge drinking compared to the adult drinkers. Up to 90 percent of the alcohol taking people are young people. Other statistics on drinking by underage people state that 42 percent of the youths drunk alcohol of the same kind in 2009. While 24 percent of these were binge drinkers about 10 percent drove themselves while drunk. Most of the drinkers in these categories were binge drinkers, and a higher percentage of the underage drinkers were 8th graders and 12th graders. How to stop underage drinking in the community The effects of drinking in the young people have been severe and heart breaking. The society is slowly loosing young people that are very strong and can be very useful in the society. On the other hand, it is important to ensure that there is a healthy society. In this regard, it is helpful to consider ways of eliminating the ill-habit of alcohol abuse amongst young people. That is every person should contribute in this endeavor. It is the role of the parents and guardians to ensure that safety of their teenagers and youths. Every parent should be keen to know that the child under their custody is well behaved and that he or she is not involved in any mischievous activities. Parents and guardians should also be careful of the friends that their children are relating with while in school and college. In addition, they should ensure that the underage children have no access to alcohol (American academy of pediatrics). The society should also take it upon itself to ensure that the children are not involved in any ill-social habit at all times. That is all the underage children are supposed to be of one habit. This will come in handy as the young people affect and influence one another. As a result, the child who has poor social, habit should be dealt with immediately. It is also beneficial for the young people to engage themselves in activities that will enhance their performance in school. That is young people can involve themselves in activities that are will help them grow up emotionally. In the end each person will be able to improve on his or her performance in school and class work. Young people can also involve themselves in activities that build up the community instead of attending events that destroy their habits. For instance, instead of gaining up for a drinking session, these people can participate in community service or any other academic program. By so doing, people can be assured a bout the future of their teenagers. It is beneficial for the society to be involved in the restoration of these young people. In this regard, the rehabilitation center, hospital, and anti-drug taking centers play a significant role. That is all the teenagers and youths that have fallen into the habit of substance abuse should be assisted to save themselves from illicit behaviors of substance abuse.This is because they are not taking note of the activities and the things which their teenagers are doing. It is also helpful for the young person intending to quit substance abuse to get involved in other activities. Youths and teenagers have been known to be people that are energetic. Hence, an adolescent would require an activity that would help him or her get occupied. Such activities include sports, academic work, or social activities. These will also assist in persons realizing other abilities and talents. Consequences of the underage drinking Just like in all the other kind of drinking, underage drinkers also face consequences when involved with any drinking habits especially the binge drinkers. Most of such young people are likely to face the emotional, physical and social challenges (Windle 1991). Much often than not such young people develop a mental problem that causes them to be ineffective in school as the concentration level lowers. Underage drinkers become abusive and violent. Alcohol intake is often associated with bad sexual habits. The young people who may be involved in heavy drinking may often have a habit of engaging in poor sexual activities. These may lead to in the contamination of asexual transmitted diseases. Research has also proved that the intake of alcohol by young people can cause a significant brain damage. Brain damage can result from the fact that the body of persons under the age of 20 is still growing. During this time the brain is developing both the short term and the long term memory. Hence alcohol intake is likely to interfere with this process. As a result, the individual in alcohol abuse at a tender age may have an increased chance of suffering poor brain activity (Medical and Social Consequences, 2007). Apart from the brain damage, alcohol intake at an early age can, lead to serious addiction. That is the teenagers and youths who have had a chance to taking alcoholic drinks may result to be alcoholic addicts. That sad bit about alcoholic addiction is that such a person may latter turn to other illicit drugs including cocaine and marijuana, and later into ill-social habits. The young people who involve themselves in the habits of drinking alcohol have a tendency of driving while they are still drunk. With the high influence from peers, a person can get in to a car and drive. The unfortunate bit about driving is that such a car is likely to get involved in a serious accident. In the recent past, 33 percent of youths in Illinois were involved in serious accident and most of them died in the accidents. Other accidents are those that happen after the young people who are drunk get involved in fights. Buy custom Lower Drinking Age essay

Management Theories by Morgan, Fayol and Taylor Research Paper

Management Theories by Morgan, Fayol and Taylor - Research Paper Example The Fourteen principles that have been set down by Fayol are discussed in detail below: Specialization of Labor: Fayol’s first important principle was aimed at the specialization of labor. This is a very important aspect of management and needs to be taken into consideration while managing people. This is an important aspect of management. Specialization encourages continuous improvement in the skills and involves the development of improvements in methods. This is very beneficial for the companies and provides the company with better-skilled individuals, which in turn improves productivity. Authority: Authority plays a very important role in management and is very essential in managing people. It focuses on the right to give orders and show authority. Giving authority to a person means giving the person the right to do things. Also, a responsibility normally arises where a person is given the authority. Discipline: The next aspect is discipline this mainly deals with the idea of ensuring there is no slacking, bending of rules, and that all employees are obedient and respectful in the organization. It is essential that employees must obey and respect the rules that are prevalent in the organization. If there is effective leadership within an organization and a clear understanding between management and workers in regards to the organization’s rules, the discipline will be at the optimum level. Unity of Command: Unity of command refers to a situation where every employee has just one boss. This is essential to ensure management of the people is not confused between the needs of different people at different time. This plays a very important role as if every employee has just one boss, the employees will be more productive if the command is from one superior to avoid any confusions in the final outcome. Unity of Direction: Unity of direction is the next important aspect in the 14 principles by Fayol. This is very important just like the unity of command as if one person leads the team, all the planning is made by a single mind and the leading is much simpler since the team members need to work according to the plan.

Sicail Media Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 750 words

Sicail Media - Essay Example Easily accessible information help in the management of disasters because it alerts citizens of an impending disaster even in remote regions; hence, warn them (Foundation, 2014). For example, locals of predictable tsunami zones can access the information not only from the media houses, but also through diversified sources including the internet. Easily obtainable information is prone to theft. For example, a person may use information from other sources to benefit from it by claiming to be the publisher or editor. Management of easily accessible information is compromised by the fact that classified information cannot be passed on safely, which further give rise to the insecure nature of such information (Ugah, 2008). Immorality is mildly spread by easily accessible information because everyone can access depraved information including the under age (Schleifer, 2014). Remarkably, easily accessible information may mislead the audience because such sources are always attributed to inaccuracy of the facts surrounding an issue (Monahan, 2010). Additionally, easy information accessibility poses a huge threat to the online banking services because of possible cybercrimes leading to massive loss of money. Social media forms an important aspect of communication because it enable easy and readily available medium of communication among individuals. Additionally, it provides a forum where an individual can inform his/her family members as well as friends through mass messages on upcoming events such as weddings (Stokes, 2003). Social media forms a virtue-meeting platform where individuals from various corners of the world can share ideas. Social media platforms such as Linked In have become a valuable business tool where individuals’ stands a chance to secure a job from top managers in various companies through endorsements. Furthermore, companies leap the e of social media for effective promotion and advertisement of their products (nibusinessinfo.co.uk,

History of Tests & Measurements Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1250 words

History of Tests & Measurements - Essay Example This essay will highlight five themes in the work of Kubiszyn and Borich (2010). Highlight on implications on the educational sector as well as teacher ability in relation to these tests will be focused on. It is evident that controversies have been witnessed in this filed. According to Kubiszyn and Borich (2010), educators need comprehensive and practical approaches for conducting assessments on their learners’ achievements and progress in the classroom setting. Their work is, therefore, one of the most comprehensive one, that teachers can incorporate in their classrooms to focus on the changes required in the classrooms. 2.0. Effects of tests on the Classroom Teacher Tests play a crucial role in the teaching and learning of concepts in the classroom setting. It is through tests that Shepard (2000) argues that teachers are able to keep track of the progress of his or her learners. Through tests, teachers are able to identify the weak points of their learners as well as their strengths. For instance, standardized tests are well known for the identification of learners’ strengths’ and weaknesses. ... Tests, according to McMillan (2000) are useful for determination of the best content to be covered by the learners. 3.0. Tests as Tools Analysts give varying views on the utility of tests, as a contributor of positive impacts in learning. Kubiszyn and Borich’s (2010), work indicates that tests are mere tools that are simply set to as a formality and no evidence can proof their validity. Not all students are in a position to understand the mechanics of all tests that are provided in the classroom. For instance, a well informed student may miss out a few particulars, in a particular test, and fail the entire exam. Does this mean that the student is a failure in that particular test or not? In this context, therefore, tests may not be regarded as useful means of assessments in the society. Tests, according to Burger & Krueger (2003) have an off-putting effect on the teaching and learning process. Tests administered during the learning process consume a lot of time that would have been used in covering the contents of the syllabus. Learners have acquired the skills of cramming certain tests used in learning process especially if they are aware that there is likelihood that those tests may be repeated at the end of the course. In short, tests overemphasize on the ability to learn fundamental skills by the learners instead of inculcating skills that will enable learners think critically and analyze situations in the society. In fact, statistics indicate that once tutors emphasize on teaching with the use of tests, there is likelihood, that learning records no change, though the scores of learning may escalate as a result of rote learning. In light to this argument, therefore, it is evident that tests cannot be indicated to be the best ways of

Assessment and Management of Pressure Ulcers: Nursing Interventions

Assessment and Management of Pressure Ulcers: Nursing Interventions Pressure ulcers continue to present a prevalent concern for patients in health care facilities and the incidence is even expected to rise further with the increasing age of the population. This is a problem that has high potential to be prevented. Therefore, the prevention, assessment, and management of decubitus ulcers are of great importance to healthcare professionals who are charged with the care for these individuals (Clarke et al., 2005). Pressure sores occur when there are localized areas of tissue damage or ulceration of the integument second to decreased blood supply disruption to these soft tissues. This occurs as a consequence of constant pressure, where the pressure exerted on an area is greater than the capillary pressure causing ischemia, friction, or shear force. Florence Nightingale, often considered the pioneer of nursing, recognized in 1860 that quality nursing care can prevent the occurrence of decubitus ulcers among patients (Ousey, 2005). Quality of care will be increased with the implementation of nursing interventions surrounding bed sores. Pressure ulcers present a cost to the health care providers, both financially and time. Pressure ulcers can increase nursing time up to 50%, which is relatively substantial considering many healthcare facilities face nursing staff shortages (Clarke et al.). According to the article written by Joan Wurster, the cost of pressure ulcers is substantial with stage one, two, and three stage ulcers costing between $2,000 and $30,000, and stage four pressure ulcers costing up to $70,000. The cost involved with treating such bed sores often times exceeds the cost of prevention by a large sum of money (Wurster, 2007). Preventative measures are, therefore, essential to implement and include interventions. There are several guidelines listed in National Guideline Clearinghouse regarding pressure ulcers including Assessment and Management of Stage I to IV Pressure Ulcers. This guideline establishes several recommendations such as assessing a patients risk using the Braden Scale, use of special pr essure reducing mattresses, managing adequate nutrition. If a pressure sore is to develop, evidence shows that a proper high-protein diet, the use of wet-dressings, and hyperbaric oxygen as treatments all promote the wound healing process. In taking such actions, the goal of the healthcare provider is that the patient will be free of pressure ulcers during hospitalization and appropriately assessed and managed if one does occur (Registered Nurses Association of Ontario, 2007). Research shows that using evidence-based guidelines, which incorporate scientific evidence and clinical expertise, are the premise of successful prevention and treatment of pressure ulcers (Clarke et al., 2005). Assessment of Patient Risk Using the Braden Scale Prompt and accurate risk assessment is critical in preventing the formation of pressure ulcers. The Braden Scale was created and is now used in countless hospitals to facilitate and guide the nursing care team in their evaluation. Not only can this assessment tool inform a health care professional of any propensities towards skin break down, but also may allow him or her to treat the condition prophylacticly if indicated. Rather than just risk assessment, the Braden Scale may be used for evaluation of the current effectiveness of ulcer care regime for patients with existing ulcers (Braden Maklebust, 2005). The Braden Scale was created in 1984 by Barbara J. Braden, to accurately and systematically describe the risk for development of pressure ulcers (Braden Maklebust, 2005). This scale includes six subscales: sensory perception, moisture, activity level, mobility, nutrition status, as well as the skins exposure to friction and shear forces. Using established guidelines, the nurse assesses the patient and associates his or her findings with a numerical value. These are combined and a patient is given a total score which is indicative of the clients risk of developing a pressure ulcer (Ousey, 2005). Final scores can range anywhere from 6-23. A person is considered at risk if their resulting score is less than 18, as this is the point research shows the relationship between ulcers and risk factors becomes relevant. The lower a patients score, the greater threat they experience of developing a pressure sore (Braden Maklebust, 2005). This information can be used to determine what preventat ive practices can be implemented, as well as the establishment of baselines to gauge the effectiveness of the practices. It should be standard protocol for healthcare facilities to have their staff use the Braden Scale or other objective risk assessment tools when appropriate. Currently, most accreditation agencies now require some form of risk assessment, yet often assessment are shortened, excluding vital factors and skewing the validity of the assessment (Braken Maklebust, 2005). It is up to hospitals, or other care facilities, to ensure that these measures are being implemented. It is best if a minimum standard protocol is established, and the frequency of assessments tailored based on the individuals needs. Recommendations suggest an assessment upon admittance and base the remaining intervals off of the stability of the patients condition. In an acute care setting it is suggested patients be reassessed at least every forty-eight hours, if not more frequently. ICU patients should be reassessed daily if they remain in a stable state or every shift if they are not (Braken Maklebust, 2005). In the e vent of the discovery of the indicators of pressure sores then increasingly aggressive preventative measures can be implemented to prevent the occurrence of ulcers, and minimize the discomfort or complications to the patient. Once standard protocols are integrated it is important to evaluate their effectiveness. Baseline values must be obtained. Since the goal surrounding this nursing intervention is reducing the frequency, it would be logical to obtain the rate at which pressure ulcers are occurring, taking into account the demographics of the patients being evaluated. Braden scale assessment totals and other assessment findings such as erythema, non-blanching hyperaemia, blisters, discoloration, and localized heat and edema, should be documented for each patient and checked for improvement for the individual (Braden Maklebust, 2005; Ousey, 2005). Proof of this documentation must be recorded. After a healthcare facility establishes a standard for using a risk assessment tool at a set interval, the rate should once again be evaluated and compared to the original figures to note any improvement. Studies have been conducted in a similar fashion to evaluate the success of employing the Braden Scale into com mon practice. A study found that patients in a large tertiary care ICU, after Horn and colleagues implemented use of the Braden Scale and preventive protocols, the incidence of pressure Ulcers among the most critically ill patients decreased from 33% to 9% ( as cited in Braden Maklebust, 2005, p. 71). Statistical analysis shows that including the use of the Braden Scale in your plan of care can reduce the rate of pressure ulcer formation substantially, making this guideline applicable to the patient goal. Use of High Specification Foam Mattress Pressure ulcers occur as a result of decreased capillary blood flow to dermal tissues, as oxygen and nutrients are not delivered, and wastes not removed. The use of support surfaces, such as mattresses, mattress overlays, or dynamic support surfaces, is an intervention for prophylactic treatment of pressure injury. In order maintain some perfusion, the external tissue pressure must remain above the capillary closing pressure of 33 mmHg. This is of extreme significance around bony prominences , including tissues over the sacrum, Ischia, greater trocanters, external malleoli, and heels, all of which are frequent areas susceptible to impaired localized skin integrity (Thomas, 2008). According to Ousey, this information is very pertinent, especially when doing a comparison to the force between bony prominences and a standard hospital mattress. These forces ranged between 70 and 100 mmHg, clearly above the capillary closing pressure. If a patient is unable to move, this pressure is too great for the body to handle, and tissue damage occurs (Ousey, 2005). The use of high specification foam mattresses cradles the body in its entirety and distributes the weight so pressure is distributed over a larger surface area (McInnes, Cullum, Bell-Syer, Dumville, 2008). The goal of replacing the mattress or using other supportive surfaces is to reduce the pressure between the patient and the supportive surface below 33mmHg, allowing for blood flow in those patients who are immobile or have decreased sensation (Thomas, 2008). Preventative transfers of patients of moderate to high risk for developing pressure ulcers to high pressure reducing surfaces has the ability to substantially decrease the prevalence of pressure related injuries. The Prevention and Management of Pressure Ulcers article states that when compared to a standard hospital mattress, a number of pressure-reducing devices lower the incidence of pressure ulcers by about 60% (Thomas, 2008, p. 243). Regulation surrounding this issue should be instituted as part of the creation of the plan of care when considering prediction and prevention of decubitus ulcers. Evidence-based research shows that there is no significant difference between eh use of alternating pressure dynamic air flow beds, silicone overlays, foam overlays, sheepskin overlays, or other air filled devices. Health care facilities should take into account the cost and ease of use when purchasing these (Reddu, Gill, Rochon, 2006). Once again, in order to evaluate effectiveness, baseline values of the grade and prevalence of ulcers must be obtained and compared with values obtained at a later time after changes in care have been implemented. It is important to note such things as the age, activity tolerance, gender, present illnesses, and type of supportive surface used to prevent the formation of an ulcer. A guideline followed in an experiment conducted by de Laat, preventative transfers were arranged prior to ulcer formation in the event of finding nonblanchable erythema or an expected immobility exceeding seventy-two hours. Following these procedures surrounding preventative transfers, as well as the sound clinical judgment, proved to be the of the strongest statistical significance in reducing the pressure ulcer density grade II-IV within a one year time period (de Laat et al., 2007). The use of pressure-reducing surfaces, especially if used as a early, is another intervention that will help reach the patie nt goal of preventing the occurrence of pressure ulcers. Managing Nutrition Insufficient nutrition predisposes individuals to developing a pressure ulcer, as well as delays the healing process of sores that do form. Proper nourishment and hydration are behind all body processes, both vital in function and not. It is imperative to maintain good nutrition to provide an optimal environment so that homeostasis may be maintained. However, it is a common occurrence that clients who are admitted to the hospital dont have optimal intake of food or water due to a variety of factors including eating nothing by mouth prior to surgery, unconsciousness, feeling of nausea, presence of illness, polypharmacy, and physical or mental disability (Ousey, 2005). These conditions may result in poor nutrition or malnutrition statuses. The problem lies in the fact that there is no definitive diagnosis for undernutrition. Weight loss and biochemical data of hepatic proteins are the accepted standard. Albumin, pre-albumin, and hemoglobin levels are analyzed. Even though these indicat ors help health care professionals evaluate possible nutrition issues and possibly identify those at risk for developing, they can fluctuate due to underlying disease or hydration status (Dorner, Posthauer, Thomas 2009; Thomas, 2008). Inadequate intake of calories, proteins, fluids, vitamins, and minerals, as well as a low body mass index, may result in impaired skin integrity. It is not yet universally accepted that nutrition status is directly linked to the development of pressure ulcers because studies have not been producing consistent results showing the relationship. On the other hand, there is an accepted correlation between nutritional status and wound care healing. Therefore, it is essential that clinical malnutrition is prevented. A well-balanced diet high in protein is necessary for the healing of pressure ulcers (Dorner, Posthauer, Thomas 2009). Increased calorie and nutrient consumption is required to overcome the hypermetabolic state and increased energy needs. Carbohydrates are needed for the synthesis of glucose, glutamine is needed to serve as a fuel source for epithelial cells, arginine is supports the formation of protein, fluids are needed to serve as a solvent and transportation, ascorbic acid for the production of collagen, and zinc for collagen formation, protein synthesis, and cell proliferation. Perhaps the most important nutrient needed for wound healing is protein. It is needed to maintain nitrogen balance and for the synthesis of enzymes involved in wound healing and collagen and connective tissue production. In order to ensure that all clients have met these nutritional needs, support may be desirable. These include consultation with a dietitian, consultation with a speech pathologist if indicated, use of nutritional supplements, enteral feeding, and parenteral nutrition (Dorner, Posthauer, Thomas 2009). All people are at risk for malnutrition whether young or old, so upon admission, all patients nutritional status should be assessed to determine existing or potential malnutrition, and referred for further help if indicated. Throughout the clients stay at the hospital, all patients intake should be monitored for nutritional value and fluid consumption. If indicated additional supplements should be given within recommended daily intake norms if needs are not met. The obtained information on nutritional status must then be compared with progress made in the healing of the pressure sore, including decreased size and depth, as well as decreased exudate. Reassessment of hepatic lab proteins and body weight may be recorded multiple times to evaluate any improvements. Adequate nutrition may prevent the development of pressure ulcers. More importantly a well balanced-high protein diet can be used in the management of pressure ulcers in the aspect of promoting healing if a pressure ulcer does develop (Ousey, 2005). Use of Moisture-retentive Dressing In the event that all preventative measures have failed, and a pressure ulcer does form, it is recommended that moisture-retentive dressings are used to encourage healing. Moist wound treatment has shown to be optimal in promoting reepithelialization. According to Thomas, Moist wound healing allows experimentally induced wounds to resurface up to 40% faster than air-exposed wounds (Thomas, 2008, p. 246). There are now dressings, called occlusive dressings that were developed to maintain the moist environment. There are other benefits to using this treatment as wounds are further protected from infection and pain is reduced (Thomas, 2008). The introduction of occlusive dressings as a primary treatment is beneficial. Several types of occlusive dressings may be used, such as polymer foams, hydrogels, hydrocolloids, alginates, and biomembranes. All of these have proven to be effective. Four out of five trials comparing hydrocolloid dressing with a moist gauze dressing demonstrated higher healing rates (Thomas, 2008, p 250). Effectiveness of treatment can be evaluated in the time needed for complete healing. Decrease in size and depth, reduced erythema , no exudates production, and increased collagen synthesis are all signs and symptoms indicating healing of pressure ulcers (Ousey, 2005). Hyperbaric Oxygen Treatment Hyperbaric oxygen (HBO) therapy for chronic wound care is a relatively new concept. Sometimes pressure sores take a prolonged period of time to heal. In HBO therapy, the patient intermittently breathes 100T% oxygen, while the pressure exerted on the body within the treatment chamber is raised to greater than 1 atmosphere absolute (Hunter, Langemo, Anderson, Hanson, Thomson, 2010, p 116). Often chronic wounds take a longer duration to heal due to ischemic injury, and hyperbaric oxygen therapy directly addresses that. These specialized conditions are at the root of why hyperbaric oxygen therapy proves to be beneficial. In these chambers, the amount of oxygen availability is significant and increased atmospheric pressure causes oxygen exchange between the air and the tissues (Hunter et al., 2010). This regime involves effective management and treatment of pressure ulcers in the event a pressure ulcer does not heal. Although not available at all facilities, hyperbaric oxygen therapy should be recognized as a treatment option for chronic pressure ulcers. Patients should be presented with the option if indicated. To ensure this alternative treatment is presented, it should become a standard requirement to document it. If this becomes the choice of therapy, it is necessary to evaluate the effectiveness of the treatment by looking for signs of ulcer healing. In one study, chronic wounds were monitored for an eight week time period with hyperbaric therapy. The results showed shrinking of wound size in all participants and even a 16% healing rate (Hunter et al, 2010). Similar standards would need to be implemented with therapy to ensure its efficacy to the individual patient. Hyperberberic oxygen treatment should not be mandatory, but recognized as an option when considering the patient goal of managing pressure ulcers. Conclusion Although pressure ulcers are a problem found in many healthcare facilities, it is a problem that has a wide range of solutions. Decubitus ulcers can negatively affect a clients quality of life and there are potential medical complication, including coma and death associated with this condition. Proper assessment and management of pressure ulcers is a reflection of quality of care. Evidence-based nursing interventions such as assessing a patients risk using the Braden Scale, use of special pressure reducing mattresses, managing adequate nutrition the use of wet-dressings, and hyperbaric oxygen as treatments, have been proven to be effective and are all of great importance in improving patient care (Registered Nurses Association of Ontario , 2007). The goal of keeping patients free of ulcers during hospitalization and proper management of pressure ulcers if one does develop, must be at the root of all tasks. Evidence Based guidelines must be established and disseminated throughout the United States, and practiced in order to reduce the frequency and improve the care surrounding pressure ulcers.

Slavery :: Slavery Essays

Thesis: Slaves managed to be the main beneficiaries of a movement so entirely unintended for them because, in a series of coincidences brought about by certain effects of Northern progress and improvement, the promotion of their interests became profitable to to the concerns of other classes. Counter-argument: some might argue that slaves could not have been the primary beneficiaries of the progress and improvement taking place in the North in 19th century america b/c there were very few slaves in the north; they were primarily concentrated in the south which was little affected by these changes and with slaves being so remote from the situation, how could they have benefited from it? --while the south obviously did not experience the level of transformation that the north and midwestern regions underwent, it did not go untouched by this era of change--it apparently made southerners even more sealed in their determination to "preserve their way of life based on slavery,"as evidenced by their attempt to secede from the Union. Merely the fact that they reacted so strongly to the changes they perceived in the North indicates the force of the effect that progress had on them. --the very fact that there were few slaves in the north and so many in the south only contributed to the progress-fueled growing distinction between the North and South, the former of whom could not understand--likely because there were so few slaves in the North--the "semifeudal economic and social system" to which the South was "hopelessly attached" due to their dependence on slavery (p. 5, Sheriff). Point: Wage laborers necessary to the realization of improvements in the 19th century began to be perceived as a morally inferior permanent underclass--this elicited fears & changes in opinion involving progress--some (i.e. Bethel society) began to think that one man's (the businessman's) profit came at another's (the worker's) expense--brought about increasing desire for moral reform--leading to 2nd Great Awakening--which in turn led to popularity of abolitionist sentiment. Point: Decreasing reliance on slavery as a necessity to the maintenance of a stable economy, coupled with the still-strong Revolutionary ideals of liberty & equality, drew attention to injustices inherent in slavery. --slaves were necessary before because men were trying to produce huge quantities to ship over to England, at first to pay back their joint-stock companies and then to secure their stability in the "New World." but in the 19th century people were settled into their ways of life, and farmers did not feel such urgency to overproduce.

Small Scale Industries Problems

Article: Information technology: a growth navigator for small scale industries in India Small scale industries (SSI) have a significant role in the Indian economy in view of its contribution to production, employment, and export. However, since 1991 small scale industries in India find themselves in an intensely competitive environment due to globalization, domestic economic liberalization, and dilution of sector specific protective measures. The formation of World Trade Organization in 1995 also forced the member countries (including India) to drastically scale down the restrictions on import. This article analyzes the various factors influencing the growth of small scale industries in India. Information Technology (IT) is one of the significant factors, which is, in general, not used by the small scale industries in India for their production and business process, in the growth of small scale industries in India. Further on the basis of Nolan's ‘Stages of growth model' the stages of use of information technology in small scale industries are studied. Small Scale Industry in India: An Analysis in the Context of Liberalization Small and Micro producers are crucial in developing economies, and their role is even greater in the largely rural economies of South Asia. In India as well, the sector is the second largest employer, after agriculture, and accounts for nearly 6 percent of the country's GDP. India was an exception in that it gave the small-scale sector large incentives, and protection, in the period 1948-1991, going to the extent of reserving certain production lines solely for the sector. In the historical context of this, this paper shall attempt to analyze the issues peculiar to a ‘smalls scale of production' in India in an increasingly globalised scenario. It shall also look at some of the other issues plaguing the sector such as credit availability and maintaining quality standards. Movement of toxic metals from small-scale industrial areas: a case study from Delhi, India In India, an estimated 70% of the total industrial pollution load is attributed to Small and Medium Enterprises (SMEs). Among SMEs, small-scale industries continue to use obsolete technologies with no stringent rules for pollution control. Consequently, waste generated from them is generally dumped without treatment. These facts are strengthened from the analysis conducted on solid waste and wastewater samples from five industrial areas, water samples of river Yamuna, the tributary of river Ganges and solid waste samples of landfill areas in Delhi. Toxic metal concentrations were analysed and found in high concentration in collected samples. Besides that, fractionation study was also done. The data obtained from this study identify that the wastes with high concentrations of toxic metals, calling for the introduction of point source control of waste generation.

Investigating radioactive decay using coins Essays

Investigating radioactive decay using coins Essays Investigating radioactive decay using coins Essay Investigating radioactive decay using coins Essay Research question: Does our radioactive modeling with coins illustrate radioactive decay? Hypothesis: I believe that it is possible to illustrate radioactive decay by trying to model it using coins. Radioactive decay is a random process and is not affected by external conditions. This means that there is no way of knowing whether or not a nucleus is going to decay within a certain period of time. However, due to the large numbers of atoms involved we can make some accurate predictions. For example, if we start with a given number of atoms then we can expect a certain number to decay in the next minute. If there were more atoms in the sample, we would expect the number decaying to be larger. As a result the rate of decay of a sample is directly proportional to the number of atoms in the sample. This proportionality means that radioactive decay is an exponential process. As a result, I believe that we can model radioactive decay using coins because by chance we should get half of the coins left each time which is exactly what half-life is. Variables: Independent variable: I am not sure about this one because I dont really think there is an independent variable in this investigation because we arent changing anything other than the number of parent coins every time we throw them. Dependant variable: Similarly, there is no real dependant variable due to the fact that there is no independent variable. Controlled Variables: Despite the fact that we cannot really identify any independent and dependant variables there are several variables that we should control. First of all, the drop height must be kept the same in all experiments and this can be done by using a rule to measure the height each time. Also the type of coins and the surface which the coins hit must be kept the same. Method of experiment: 1. Find a place where there is plenty of area so that the coins can bounce off freely. (Remember the surface must be kept the same). 2. Drop the 32 coins of the one type (lets call them parent coins) on a flat surface. 3. Count and remove all of the parent coins which are head-side up- these have decayed, 4. Replace the head-side up coins with the same number of the other type of coin ( lets call them the daughter coins) you are using. 5. Record the number of parent and daughter coins you have onto a chart and repeat the process until no parent coin is left. Method of Collecting Data: 1. In order to get accurate results do your experiment about three times and then do an average. Data Collection and Processing Data collection: Tables showing the number of parent and daughter coins at each step (Trial 1) Data presentation: Now in order to answer my research question it is vital that we draw a graph because if the graph illustrates an exponential decay curve then it would support my theory that you can in fact model radioactive decay but if it doesnt illustrate an exponential curve then it wouldnt support my theory. Conclusion and Evaluation Conclusion: In essence, the results support my theory that it is possible to model radioactive decay using coins. From the first graph we can clearly see that we have an exponential graph which is what radioactive decay is due to the fact that the rate of decay of a sample is directly proportional to the number of atoms in the sample. The other graph serves to illustrate that as the decay of the radioactive parent nuclei occurs, there is an increase in the stable daughter nuclei. Speaking about errors in this modeling exercise is very hard because this isnt really an experiment. All we are really doing is throwing coins onto a flat surface and looking at the outcome i. e. the number of head-side up parent coins. Systematic errors couldnt have occurred because we arent using any instruments to measure anything. The only random error that could have occurred would be us missing one of the head-side up coins and not removing it when we had to. Evaluation: Again because this isnt an experiment in which we have a definite independent variable and a dependant variable, there are no real weaknesses or limitations that occurred. The only weakness I can think of is that this modeling exercise relies a lot on chance. In other words, it just might have been so that not approximately half of the coins were taken of each time. It would have been a total mess if for example the first few tries only 1 coin is head-side up and then after lets say the 5th try all of them come up as head-side up. That would totally mess all the results and wouldnt support the theory of radioactivity. Other than that I cannot think of any weaknesses. Improvements: Thinking of realistic improvement for this modeling exercise isnt possible because it is a modeling exercise and not an experiment. However, it never hurts to take more trial perhaps- 10 trials and then taking averages. This would give more accurate results but then again because this experiment relies too much on chance, doing 10 trials might make the results even worse. Another improvement can be is to use much more coins, for example a hundred coins. This gives a greater possibility to monitor radioactive decay. I am sorry that I couldnt do all experiments but as you know we- the chemists- also had to do chemistry investigations and therefore we didnt have enough time to do all the experiments.

Diet Pills essays

Diet Pills essays SPECIFIC PURPOSE: The specific purpose is to persuade the audience not to use diet pills that contain ephedrine because of the adverse health problems that it causes. THESIS: Ephedrine is a great supplement for losing weight but the side effects caused by taking ephedrine are not worth the weight loss. I. Today, I am going to warn you about the consequences of taking diet pills containing ephedrine. Ephedrine is the active ingredients found in popular diet pills, over the counter decongestants, allergy medications, herbal energy boosters, and asthma remedies. In a study conducted by researchers at the University of San Francisco and California Poison Control System, of the adverse events reported form the use of ephedrine, 47% involved cardiovascular symptoms, while 18% involved the central nervous system. Hypertension was the single most frequent adverse reaction, followed by tachycardia, stroke and seizures. In total, the FDA has reported over 40 deaths and over 800 serious side effects linked to ephedrine. As an over the counter herbal supplements, the FDA does not regulate ephedrine. The FDA received testimonies of over 800 adverse events associated with the use of the diet supplement that contained ephedrine (Smith, 4). II. Ephedrine is a great supplement for loosing weight; however the risks that are involved with ephedrine are not worth the weight loss. III. We will examine the risk and effects that one takes by taking ephedrine and some ways to prevent and treat these effects. (First, let me tell you what ephedrine is.) I. Originating from the ephedrine plant, ephedrine has been advertised as a time-tested Chinese herb (ma huang) that will relieve asthma and allergy symptoms, as well as enhance athletic performance an ...

Criminal Justice Portfolio Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1500 words

Criminal Justice Portfolio - Essay Example It may also encompass legal guarantees of access to information, protection of journalists, public’s limited access to the media and right of reply or correction†. Discussion: My position on the issue is that the press should be given complete freedom to function within its own framework of guidelines, and there should be restrictions only on careless or false reporting. My opinion is correct because the public has the right to the true facts of any information of significance, and transparency will ensure decline in corruption. According to the Final Annotated Survey of the State of the First Amendment (2005: p.2), the results show that 47% of the public felt that the amount of freedom the press enjoyed was â€Å"about right†, 39% felt that the press had too much freedom, too little freedom was the verdict of only 10%, and the remaining 4% did not know. The viewpoint of the majority is supported by McQuail (2003: p.54) who states that social responsibility theory became an essential point of reference in the growing trend towards the professionalization and self-regulation of the press. Conclusion: The small minority of the public who believe that the press should have less freedom should consider one important reason for freedom of the press: that those in high public office, in businesses or in responsible social posts will need to show results, and also keep free from wrongdoings. Introduction: According to Klay; Sewell (1996: p.241) development and application of criminal justice technology for the purpose of individual liberty is possible only in communities that share and perpetuate democratic norms. Emphasizing on â€Å"responsible use†, the democratic communitarian theory requres the use of technology to strengthen unity within the community, while exercising restraint and avoiding the creation of potentially threatening technologies. Discussion: My

Christian Bale Movie Review Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1000 words

Christian Bale - Movie Review Example It was no wonder hen, that Bale himself soon followed in the family footsteps. His father was fond of travelling, and the family moved excessively form place to place during bale's childhood (Tiscali 2008). This gave Bale exposure to many different interests and opportunities that developed his passion about acting. His first major break was Steven Spielberg's Empire of the Sun in 1987 when he was still a child actor (Tiscali 2008). This was followed by a little rough career patch before becoming a hit in Little Women (Tiscali 2008). As a child, his initial screen and stage appearances include "a part in a Pac-Man cereal commercial, a Lenor ad, and a West End stage debut" (Tiscali 2008). He was also a part of a theatre group at Reading (Tiscali 2008). The focus film for my presentation is the The Machinist, which would be discussed in a greater detail than the other two films under discussion, to examine the extremes to which Christian Bale pushes himself, "both physically and mentally" (LA Weekly 2007), in order to completely lose himself in the character (LA Weekly 2007) and bring... He was also a part of a theatre group at Reading (Tiscali 2008). The Machinist The focus film for my presentation is the The Machinist, which would be discussed in a greater detail than the other two films under discussion, to examine the extremes to which Christian Bale pushes himself, "both physically and mentally" (LA Weekly 2007), in order to completely lose himself in the character (LA Weekly 2007) and bring belief and life to his roles. Background: Ever since he was a child, Bale loved role-playing (LA Weekly 2007). More importantly, he was keen on taking his roles and make-belief games very seriously and was insistent that others do the same; not take fantasy as fantasy, but take it as fiction (LA Weekly 2007). This is the attitude that has kept him going in the filed of acting, where he his dedication to his roles and his extreme impersonation of the script characters has etched a glowing mark for him with the critics and the audiences alike. His father was a traveler and an adventurer (LA Weekly 2007), and this has instilled in him a sense of adventure and self-exploration that he brings to his acting and his roles, and pushes his limits beyond what other people would dare to go to achieve that level of satisfaction and excitement that is a major part of his career as well as his personal life. Discussion: The Machinist was directed by Brad Anderson (The Independent Online Edition- CB.net 2005). It was released in 2005

To what extent are there significant differences in the nature of the Essay

To what extent are there significant differences in the nature of the financial systems in France, Italy and the UK - Essay Example The parties can be brought directly or indirectly. In the first case of direct finance, the parties with excess financial resources directly finance those with financial needs. The financial system consists of institutional units and markets that interact in a complex manner for the purpose of mobilizing funds for investment and providing facilities including payment system for the financing of commercial activity. The financial system starts with people and their business endeavour so that it can examine their finance needs and their demand for financial services and it can also identify the way in which needs are satisfied and demand is met. A financial system of is a complex one. At the top of the structure is the central government. The monetary and fiscal policies and regulations of the government directly influence the working of the financial system (tax rate, exchange rate etc). This is implemented through the central bank of the country. Other players in the system include t he individuals or households, non financial organizations both public and private, the stock and currency market, and financial institutions like banks and insurance companies etc. The value of financial transactions taking place is measured by the currency of the country. â€Å"A financial system raises finds from lenders or investors, making them available to borrowers or other users.† (Neave p.12). The central bank of France is called Banque de France. The currency used in France is the Euro, which replaced the French Franc in January 2002. Along with France, Italy and ten other European countries have all replaced their own currencies with the Euro and they are collectively referred to as the Euro zone. The system in France is well managed and regulated. The number of banks present has saturated the market to a certain extent. There is

Points Understanding Human Behavior is critical to organizations Essay Example for Free

Points Understanding Human Behavior is critical to organizations Essay Understanding human behavior is critical to organizations. An organization can be defined as a collection of people who work together to achieve a goal or a variety of goals. These people do not work on isolation within the organization. They interact with each other and with third parties (suppliers, customers, competitors, government officials, etc.) in a variety of ways. Therefore, a leader who understands how and why people behave the way they do, he can identify problems, determine the best ways to correct them and establish whether the changes would make a difference towards improvement. Prior to understanding other peoples’ behavior or attempting to influence others’ behavior, a leader must be able to perform a self-assessment in order to understand and subsequently manage his emotions. Unless leaders understand the criticality of human behavior to the organization and the need for self-evaluation/self-assessment, their efforts to influence others will never be achieved. As introduced by Goleman (Daniel Goleman, 2000), the ability to recognize, then to understand and finally to manage your emotions is called â€Å"Emotional Quotient† (EQ). Coleman asserted that a high EQ had a positive impact on one’s relationship. The better you are at understanding your own emotions, the more likely you are to be adept at picking up on the feelings of others. Knowing how others feel can be a valuable skill within organizational interactions (meetings, presentations, day-day cooperation, etc.) and beneficial to the organization. For example, during a meeting a CEO is furious about an issue and he shows it by shouting, the rest of the participants may hesitate to express their ideas or thoughts. On the other hand if the CEO identifies and controls his emotional situation and understands that his anger if expressed will cause the rest of the participants to become reluctant on expressing themselves, a fruitful conversation may go on and ideas on how to overcome the issue may arise. On an interpersonal level, self-awareness can net you the trust of others and increase your credibility, both of which will increase your leadership effectiveness. On an organizational level, the benefits are even greater. When you acknowledge your emotional status and you manage your reactions youre modeling that in your organization even negative  experiences are dealt with calmness on purely professional way that leads to corrective actions. These are all characteristics of an organization that is constantly learning and springboards to innovation and agility two hallmarks of high performing organizations. As claimed by Goleman (Daniel Goleman, 2000) leaders use six leadership styles (coercive, authoritative, affiliate, democratic, pacesetting and coaching), each springing from different components of emotional quotient. Only four of these styles have a positive effect on climate and results. As concluded by Coleman (Daniel Goleman, 2000), leaders need to implement many styles depending on the situation they have to deal with. How would a leader be able to intentionally apply a specific style? Different situations require different leadership styles. A leader who is characterized by self-awareness is able to identify his emotional status, manage his emotions and perform under a different, more beneficial, leadership style.

US Public Attitudes Towards Welfare State | Research Study

US Public Attitudes Towards Welfare State | Research Study Tim Mulligan Employment and Attitudes toward People on Welfare Welfare is one of the United States most prominent political issues. Since the U.S welfare system was established in 1935, its fiscal structure, the source of its funding and the qualifications of its recipients have been continuous topics of debate. Because of America’s highly diverse population, a plethora of attitudes have developed regarding the way that people view welfare recipients, and this may be attributed to many different factors. I took it upon myself to look more specifically at the relationship between individuals who work (or do not work) and people who are on welfare. The question that I decided to research was, â€Å"does an individual’s employment status influence their attitude towards people who are on welfare?† I believe that this is an important question to address because people tend to generalize that individuals who work have harshly negative attitudes toward people receiving welfare checks because they do not have to work for the money. If this is in fact true, then I believe it would play a huge role in the outcomes of many elections as well as how states organize their welfare systems. My hypothesis is Ha: in a comparison of individuals, those who are currently working will have more negative feelings towards people who are on welfare than individuals who are not working. My null hypothesis would be H0: there is no relationship between an individual’s employment status and their feelings toward people who are on welfare. I believe my hypothesis to be true because I think it would be very hard to find a person who works and exerts themselves to receive an income and is also tolerant of other individuals who are receiving money without having to work. Some people may feel that their work and efforts are belittled because individuals who do not put forth the same effort can still claim an â€Å"income†. There may also be individuals who had experienced financial hardship (like many of the people who utilize welfare) but worked their way back into financial stability without the aid of welfare. These people may have a more negative â€Å"if I could do it , then they should be able to do it† attitude towards people on welfare. I think this hypothesis is applicable to individuals in all types of occupations but even more so to individuals in the manual labor work force. People who work lower paying manual labor jobs could have extremely negative views towards people who are welfare because they are physically exerting themselves while welfare recipients may not have to do so themselves. On the other end of my hypothesis, individuals who are not employed could have more positive feelings toward people on welfare for several reasons. The most notable reason is that there is probably a higher chance that individuals who are not employed may in fact be receiving welfare aid themselves. I do not believe that individuals who are currently on welfare will have negative feelings towards the very program that they are using. Another factor could be individuals who are not necessarily â€Å"out of the job† but are simply not actively looking to work. For example, housewives, non-working students and young adults may not have the same negative feelings as someone who is employed because they do not have a job or income to compare with those of people who are on welfare. These groups of people may not have the same â€Å"belittled† feeling that employed people may have and they may have more neutral or positive feelings towards people who are on welfare. The data set that I used for my analysis is nes2008. This dataset is from an American National Election Time Series Study which took place in 2008. 4,424 total individuals were interviewed on a face-to-face basis, 2,322 individuals before the presidential election and 2,102 individuals after the presidential election. As can be assumed by the face-to-face polling the unit of analysis for this study was individuals. (ANES) The integrity of this data set is strong in the way that the individuals were polled on a wide variety of topics such as their voting participation, values, familiarity with the media and their ideologies. This helps to insure that the individuals do not feel as though they are being interviewed for a specific topic or to answer a specific question which could swayed their answers in a less accurate direction. The large number of people who were sampled is also a positive aspect of the data set. Though four thousand people may not perfectly represent the opinions of the entire population of the U.S, the sample size is large enough to generate at least a sufficient representation. (ANES) On the other hand, the nes2008 data set does have a few negative characteristics. The interviewing of individuals pre-and-post-election may have generated results that inconsistently represent the U.S population because of the effect that the election may have had on some people’s views or answers. Although the two waves of interviewees consisted of different people, the election may have influenced individuals to respond more positively or negatively to certain questions based on the outcome of the election. The population could have been represented far differently before the election than after the election. This may be an effect that the study was trying to induce, but for my research it does not generate the best representation of the population. Another issue with the nes2008 data set is that there was a designed oversampling of African-American and Latino respondents. This oversampling presents another issue in regards to the studies representation of the general popula tion as it may not include as many answers from other races that could affect my testing outcomes. Luckily, the data set included a formula that would help to weigh the data in a way that would better represent the population. (ANES) The dependent variable that I selected was welfare_therm. This is a continuous variable that asks for individuals to rate the warmth of their feelings toward people who are on welfare from 0 º (coldest) to 100 º (warmest). It is implied that warmer feelings are more positive than colder feelings. This was a good variable for me to use because the question that I am trying to answer pertains to individual’s feelings toward people who are on welfare. I believe rating their feelings in degrees rather than categories like â€Å"negative†, â€Å"slightly negative†, â€Å"neutral† and so on allows for individuals to be more specific when describing their feelings towards people on welfare. Although, I do believe that the wide range of the thermometer may bring about a less definitive description of what is considered a mildly positive or mildly negative feeling toward people who are on welfare. A graph depicting welfare_therm can be seen in figure 1. My main independent variable was employ_status, which had individuals identify themselves within employment status categories. These categories were: working now, temporarily laid off, unemployed, retired, permanently disabled, homemaker, and student. At first, this variable did not present the most valid measurement of employment status that I would need for my research. To generate a better representation of the feelings generated by individuals who were working or not working, I had to refine the number of categories in the variable. I recoded the variable so that an individual’s response would either register as A. working or B. not working. This new variable was called working and would serve as a better variable for measuring a relationship with my dependent variable, feelings toward people on welfare. A graph depicting working can be seen in figure 2. The first of my control variables was gender. This variable categorized individual respondents as either male or female. It is important to note that because of the way that this variable was coded in Stata (1=male, 2=female), I needed to recode it so that it would be more easily measured by my tests. I recoded the variable as 0=male and 1=female and I named the new variable female. I included this control variable because I believed that an individual’s gender would have a large impact on the feelings that they had towards people who are on welfare. Stereotypically women are assumed to be more emotional and sympathetic towards individuals who may be in need and I thought that this might have an effect on their attitude towards a person who is on welfare. The second control variable that I included in my test was hh_kids, which is a categorical measure of the number of kids in the respondent’s household. 0=no kids 1=one kid and 2=two or more kids in the household. I believe that this variable would have served my research better if the categories represented the dynamic of households with few kids and households with many kids better. Perhaps categories such as 0 kids, 1-3 kids and 3 or more kids would have been better because I do not think that 2 kids represents a household with â€Å"many† kids, which was the dynamic I was aiming to measure. I do believe that this variable is sufficient, though. I believe that the number of kids that an individual has in their household effects their feelings toward people on welfare because individuals with many children may know what it’s like to be on a tight budget or to have to provide for children. People with many kids in their home could be sympathetic towards people on welfare because they might be under the impression that the people who are on welfare need it to support their children. Income_r was my third control variable. This variable reports the income of the respondent within twenty five categories that range from â€Å"none or less than $2,999† to â€Å"$150,000 and over†. Unfortunately, the categories are not equally sized. For example, there is a category labeled â€Å"$15,000-16,999† and its subsequent category is labeled â€Å"$17,000-$19,999†. The former category has a range of $1,999 dollars and the latter a range of $2,999 and this difference in category size occurs throughout the variable. This may be a weak point of this control variable. None the less, I included this control variable because I believe that the lower an individual’s income, the more understanding or warm their feelings may be for people who are on welfare. In opposition people with high incomes who may work very hard for their money may have colder feelings for people on welfare and who may be out of work. The final control variable that I included in my tests was relig_attendHi. This variable categorizes an individual’s level of religious attendance as either low or high. This variable may be weak because of the fact that there is no knowing exactly what amount of attendance fits the description of â€Å"high† or â€Å"low’ attendance. One respondents idea of high attendance could be once a week, where as another respondent could consider once every few months to be high attendance. There is also no telling where the dividing line between high and low may be. That being said, I believe that religious attendance has a significant impact on an individual’s feelings towards people on welfare because many religions are proponents of acts of charity or helping those who are in need. Individuals who are religious may be more inclined to see welfare as a means of helping those who need financial help rather than an unfair handout. I used a multiple regression test to interpret the relationship between an individual’s employment status and their feelings toward people who are on welfare. I used this test because a multiple regression test is appropriate for my dependent variable which is continuous. It was also essential that I used a multiple regression test so that I would be able to control for my Z (control) variables when determining the relationship between employment status and feelings toward people who are on welfare. After running my multiple-regression test on the responses of 1,922 individuals, I found that an individual’s employment status does matter when it comes to their feelings toward people who are on welfare. The employment status of an individual is statistically significant at the 95% confidence interval and my test showed that an individual that is working is likely to have feelings that are 2.49 degrees colder than an individual that is not working regarding people who are on welfare. (coefficient estimate) This provides me with enough evidence to state that there is support for my hypothesis that working individuals have more negative feelings toward individuals on welfare than people who are not working. These results can be seen in figure 3. Gender, income, and religious attendance also tested to be statistically significant at the 95% confidence interval. These outcomes confirm my original predictions for these variables. Women are likely to have feelings that are 2.46 degrees warmer than males. This could in fact indicate that women are more sensitive and tolerant of people who are in need and may be using welfare for survival. Also, the higher category of income that an individual is in the colder their feelings get towards individuals who are on welfare. This is in line with my prediction that richer people may not be fond of people getting money from the government for no work, and poorer people being more understanding of people on welfare’s need for an income. People with higher religious attendance also show to have 3.56 degrees warmer feelings toward people who are on welfare than people with low religious attendance. Religious attendance appeared to be the control variable that was the most indicative of an individual’s feelings toward people who are on welfare. This also gave validity to my prior thought that people with higher religious attendance may be more open minded to acts of charity and aiding those in need. The number of kids in an individual’s household did not turn out to be statistically significant. This disappointed me because I thought that people with more kids would have significantly different feelings toward people who are on welfare than people with few or no kids in their household. I believe that this may be because most people who have children have planned for their kids financially and may not have as high of a tolerance for people on welfare that may not have planned for the children they are supporting. The R-squared value for my multiple regression test was only 0.0602. This means that the independent and control variables that I included in my test only accounted for six percent of the total variance in my dependent variable, feelings toward individuals on welfare. I thought that the control variables that I selected would have yielded higher variance accountability. It turns out that employment status, gender, income, number of kids in a household and religious attendance are only a few of the many factors that can influence an individual’s feelings toward welfare recipients. In conclusion, I discovered that employment status is statistically significant when determining a person’s feelings towards people who are on welfare. I can reject my null hypothesis which is that there is not relationship between an individual’s employment status and their feelings toward people on welfare. In relation to the real world, one could say that people who work are more likely to view people who are on welfare more negatively. This could be a product of many things including an individual’s views on work ethic, morals, fairness, equality and much more. It would be interesting to research what exactly causes a working person to view welfare recipients more negatively. Although I have found support for my hypothesis, there are many more control variables that I could include in future research of this question. I believe that political ideology would influence the way a person feels about people on welfare because liberals and conservatives have specif ic views and welfare policies and who should be recipients. The state in which an individual lives in could also be a good control variable to include because although all states are a part of the federal welfare system, different states have different internal welfare systems that could spark different opinions. I also think it would be important to divide the term â€Å"welfare† into its different categories such as unemployment, healthcare, childcare etc. because I think that people tend to make the generalization that welfare means â€Å"unemployment checks†. Tables/Figures Figure 1 Figure 2 Figure 3 Works Cited ANES Data Center Study Pages ANES 2008 Time Series Study. ANES Data Center Study Pages ANES 2008 Time Series Study. Accessed May 6, 2015.